SQL Order By Clause

Create a complex order by clause using the iif (immediate if) statement to change the Order By statement in a query based on user input.There are many instances where you would like to sort a form or report on different fields depending on a user’s selection.

The following is an SQL example of an dynamic query Order By clause.   This example assumes you have a form (‘F_Emp’) with an Option Group (‘Sort_Option’) with two possible choices.  Option 1 is for sorting by employee name and option 2 is for sorting by employee number.   Variable sorting can be accomplished in the Report however it is much more efficient to put this in the SQL code.

Select M_Employees.Name, M_Employees.Emp_Number, M_Employees.Address
From M_Employees
Order by
IIf(Forms!F_Emp!Sort_Option=1, M_Employees.Emp_Name, M_Employees.Emp_Number);

An alternative form of the Access Order By is the SQL order by ordinal numbers.  Ordinals are numbers that refer to the fields in the select clause.Example: ordinal 1 refers to M_Employees.Name, and ordinal 2 refers to M_Employees.Emp_Number. IIf(Forms!F_Emp!Sort_Option=1, 1, 2); This form of the IIf clause is very useful when you need to nest IIf clauses because of more than two sort choices.

The immediate if (IIF) statement can also be used to create dynamic where query statements.

Finally, a third alternative is to use the Access Choose function to create the dynamic query:

Select M_Employees.Name, M_Employees.Emp_Number, M_Employees.Address
From M_Employees
Order by
Choose(Forms!F_Emp!Sort_Option=1, M_Employees.Emp_Name, M_Employees.Emp_Number);

See more choose function examples in our tutorial on the choose function.

 

Microsoft Office VBA, MS Access 2003, 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016